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Topics - Luca c.

Pages: [1]
1
X-ray / My Homemade Structural Analysis X-Ray Machine
« on: March 21, 2024, 01:35:40 AM »
Hi everyone, I recently finished my third prototype of a structural analysis x-ray machine. It took almost 1 year to reach this stage, and this forum has been very helpful for his development because sometimes I got stuck with electronics. So thanks

This is the schematic I'm currently using, it consist of a 4 stage CW with negative polarity powered by a zvs, the negative polarity is due to the fact that I'm using a soviet bsv-29 structural analysis xray tube.
With this setup I have been able to perform successfully diffraction experiment, in particular I got some wonderful laue diffraction image:
Mica

NaCl

Menthol

This patterns were recorded on some autodeveloping dentist film, and are created by the interaction of the xray and the particular arrangement of the atoms inside the crystal structure.
The image took a lot of time, all more than 1 hour exposure, I think that is due to the fact that my system is running at around 270W, that power limitation I think is due to the flyback transformer core size, normally, in research laboratories (with machine that cost 150K$) these tubes are run at 2000W or more, so there they need less time.
I also tried to document some aspect of the development and tried to make a youtube video, if you would like to give it a look there it is:
/>Inside the video you can find other details of the construction and also of the chemistry that went into this experiment.
The future upgrade I would like to make is a second flyback transformer in parallel to increase the power and also a liquid system for the flyback primary coil, because it is heating way too much and very fast.
Also I would like to experiment with a H bridge to be able to fix the frequency of operation, because at the moment it is in the audible range and is so loud that staying in the room with it after some time become uncomfortable.
If you have additional question regarding the project or specific aspect of the build or the physics/chemistry behind all of this they are very welcome.



2
Hi everyone, today I will describe to you a very strange problem that happened to me while experimenting with a CW multiplier:
first of all, here is the circuit:

the CW multiplier consists of a 4-stage, negative output polarity, made of 30KV 10nF disc ceramic capacitor, and 2CL2FP 30KV 100mA diode.
The AC input uses a transformer that shouldn't go over 10kV and is driven by a ZVS with an input voltage of 6-30V.
With this kind of specs, nothing bad should happen because the diode and capacitor are rated at more than 3 times the voltage each stage should encounter right?
unfortunately no and here is what happened:
yesterday I was using a 1Gohm resistor and uA meter to measure the output voltage with respect to the input at the ZVS, everything was good until I reached 50/60KV, at that point I heard a high pitch sound and the voltage dropped catastrophically, after trying to bring it back on the voltage got to 20kV for a fraction of a second and then gradually decreased over 1/2 seconds.
Today I tried to replicate the experiment and filmed everything, the exact thing happened again, this is the video:
/>in the video, you can see me increasing the input voltage to the ZVS from 10V (which gives an output of 40kV) to 11V, when all of a sudden the normal sound changes, and the voltage drops, then you can see me trying to turn the system back on but it responds with a strange sound and a voltage drop.
in this video you can see exactly what is happening now and what happened yesterday after I got to the voltage at which the system broke down:
/>this is a photo of the CW multiplier and the measuring system:

The hypothesis I formulated yesterday evening was that maybe a voltage spike killed the diode?, it would not be the first time I killed a diode, but the one I killed in the past was because I was working very close to the datasheet limit voltage, this time I am using a diode rated for a full repetitive 30000V, and the AC voltage can't even jump a 5mm gap so this option is quite improbable.
Another option is overcurrent, but that shouldn't also be the case, because the diode is rated for 10A spike and 100mA continuous, and they were drawing 50uA, and also potted in epoxy.
so I am left with 2 options: the CW multiplier has acquired a mind of his own and is trying to communicate with us humans, or there is a very strange thing happening that I can't think about.
So I ask to you high voltage expert, if anyone has any idea or suggestion or anything at all please write it here so maybe this problem will be solved.
Thank you.

3
Hi everyone, I'm making this post because I can't solve this problem: I'm using a flyback transformer to feed a CW multiplier to get around 60kV, to power some vacuum tubes, but it is making me disappointed.
The problem is that the power output is always really low, lower than what it should be, the current setup is able to produce without any problem around 300-400W, but from the test I have made it won't go over the maximum at 30W, this is the setup:
DC variable power supply that powers the ZVS which then feeds a flyback transformer that produces around 15kV at around 30-60kHz and then gets multiplied by a 4-stage CW multiplier to around 60-70kV.
with 25v on the ZVS (the maximum allowable is 30V the minimum 10V), I get the best result (30W) to be safe I usually power with 25V, and at around 10v I get around 13W of power consumption, I tried a lot of tests, with a 3 stage CW multiplier, 4 stages and also tried only to play with the end of the flyback transformer itself, but the power consumption never goes above 35W.

is there something fundamental I am missing out on, or there is a problem with my setup?

I tried calculating the impedance of my CW multiplier at a frequency of 40kHz and 2.2nF capacitor I got 540kOHM, which at 60KV should give a current for 0.1A and a power of 600W which is not nearly close to what I am experiencing.
This is the schematic for the ZVS and also the CW multiplier before I put it in epoxy resin:


any advice is welcome, many thanks.

4
Electronic Circuits / DPS5015 need help
« on: September 10, 2023, 05:59:52 PM »
Hi everyone, I'm having some problems with my PSU which is a DPS5015, unfortunately, while building a new machine I placed the back ( ) of the board on a metallic surface, which made it act erratically after I saw that I fixed the problem by adding a plastic insulator behind the board to prevent this from happening, but now I have another problem when turning on the PSU, the screen light up but shows the following image that is not normal:

I discovered by trying that it is possible to exit from this only by long pressing all the buttons (V,A,set,ON) and it reboots and now shows the normal screen, but it is like frozen because it is impossible to modify the voltage or current regulation by pressing the relative buttons, so it is stuck on whatever voltage and current settings was before, another aspect is that I can no longer use the Bluetooth function because it won't show on my device, even if the Bluetooth module's led is blinking.
Besides this, it is possible to use the SET button, but not navigate through the menu because the A,V buttons do not work, and the ON buttons also work so it will power up with the fixed voltage and current regulation, which are unfortunately impossible to change.
If anyone with some experience with these kinds of power supply knows what is happening, I would be very grateful if they could tell me.

5
Hello, I'm making this post because I would like to hear your opinion about a problem I encountered today when I tested my homemade x-ray power supply:
I start by describing the schematic: it uses a switched mode power supply to transform the 220v to 24v, then regulator 1 makes it possible to regulate the voltage between 0 and 23v, for this test, I used 7v (this gives me around 30kV at the output of the multiplier), then the output goes to a ZVS driver which feeds a flyback that gets multiplied with 3 stages CW voltage multiplier, the output then goes to the x-ray tube, which itself is powered by a second regulator that emits few volts and around 2-3 A for the filament of the x-ray tube.
* Schema2_230507_122610.pdf
while testing (see video below) the high voltage is turned on by pressing the push button with a stick as shown in the video, you can hear the high voltage hissing. No x-ray is seen on the fluorescent paper in front of the tube (this might be due to low high voltage or low current in the filament, but is not the problem) then after some time you can hear an explosion, that is some sort of component dying.
/>I checked and the main power supply doesn't work anymore, the lower left transistor (D13009K) haves some black residue near the base and by testing it with a multimeter it seems to be the problem.

I have checked the rectifier and it is ok, the model of the transformer is S-360-36.
The two regulators are reg 2: "ZK-4KX" , and reg 1: "DPS5015".
I didn't ground the negative side of the power supply and the other part of the circuit because I thought that there may be some problem with connecting the earth ground (that is connected to the chassis of the power supply) to the negative polarity of the different voltage regulators, mainly because by using a multimeter I have seen that the negative (input/output) side of the regulator doesn't have continuity so by connecting them I thought I might cause some problem (note that the earth ground of the chassis is not connected internally to the negative side of the switch mode power supply).
So this is my question: the reason for the transistor exploding is that I didn't ground the power supply? I can only think of this as an explanation, but it seems unreasonable, mainly because the power supply has the chassis earthed so it should act as a Faraday cage and protect the internal component from any static electricity.
Do you think that I should ground only the power supply, the supply and the 2 regulators and the CW multiplier or only part of the component?
if you have any other comments or suggestions I would love to hear that.

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